We used a logistic regression model to estimate the association between B12 and incident albuminuria in FHS participants, defined as UACR ?17 mg/g in men and ?25 mg/g in women at Offspring examination cycle 8 [2005–2008]. Participants with albuminuria at the baseline examination were excluded. c, smoking status, hypertension treatment and the presence of diabetes. We then further adjusted the model for baseline homocysteine levels. Because there was no correspondence between B12 and homocysteine in the incident analyses, no stratified analysis was done.
We tested the association between B12 and incident RKF using a logistic regression model. The multivariable adjusted model included age, sex, baseline eGFR, diabetes, hypertension and dipstick proteinuria. This model was again adjusted for baseline homocysteine levels. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS, version 9.2 (Cary, North Carolina). A two-tailed p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.
To replicate our results, i created similar logistic regression designs to test the mix-sectional association ranging from B12, albuminuria and you will RKF during the professionals out-of NHANES 2003–2004. The new activities was adjusted and you may stratified while the demonstrated above getting FHS. Analyses getting NHANES 2003–2004 had been did playing with SUDAAN 10.step 1 (Look Triangle Institute, Lookup Triangle Playground, NC) accounting for this study’s state-of-the-art testing construction, and www.datingranking.net/nl/xpress-overzicht/ additionally unequal likelihood of options, over-testing, and you can low-response. Sampling weights was in fact taken out every NHANES 2003–2004 analyses to produce estimates that are representative of one’s national U.S populace.
Standard functions
In total, 2,965 FHS participants were included in the study. Baseline B12 ranged from 50–1690 pg/ml. In total, 135 participants had B12 levels below 200 pg/ml. The characteristics of the participants, stratified by quartile of vitamin B12, are shown in Table 1. There was no difference in baseline eGFR, UACR or the prevalence of albuminuria across vitamin B12 quartiles. There was an inverse relationship between vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels across quartiles (p < 0.0001 for trend).
Plasma B12 was weakly correlated with HDLc (r = 0.06, p = 0.002) and BMI (r = ?0.08, p < 0.001). There was an expected negative correlation with plasma homocysteine levels (r = ?0.29, p < 0.001). There was no correlation between B12 levels and UACR or eGFR.
Cross-sectional analyses away from B12 having albuminuria
In the cross-sectional age- and sex-adjusted and multivariable-adjusted models, there was no association between levels of B12 and prevalent albuminuria (Table 2) in FHS participants. However, after adjustment for homocysteine levels, higher B12 levels were associated with an increased risk of albuminuria (OR 1.44 per 1 SD increase, 95% CI 1.10 – 1.87). There was no interaction between B12 and homocysteine (pinteraction = 0.63). When the participants were stratified by homocysteine levels, there was no association between B12 and albuminuria after full covariate adjustment (OR 1.27, 95% CI 0.85 – 1.90) in participants with homocysteine levels < 9.08 ?mol/L. However, in participants with homocysteine above the median, higher B12 levels were associated with albuminuria (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.10 – 2.26).
Cross-sectional analyses regarding B12 with RKF
In cross-sectional age- and sex-adjusted models and the multivariable model, there was no association between B12 and RKF (Table 2). After adjusting for homocysteine, there was an association between B12 and RKF (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.30 – 2.60). The association between B12 and RKF differed by level of homocysteine (pinteraction = 0.005). After stratifying by median homocysteine (9.08 ?mol/L), the relationship between B12 and RKF remained robust in participants with homocysteine ? 9.08 ?mol/L (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.44 – 3.26). However, at lower levels of homocysteine, there was no association between B12 and RKF (OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.62 – 2.41).
